Traditional speech therapy, or articulation therapy, targets specific speech sound errors. This also includes phonological disorders where a child substitutes a group of sounds, creating a pattern of errors.

Expressive language focuses on a the ability to use appropriate vocabulary and grammar skills. Receptive language includes comprehension skills, such as answering questions and following directions.

Speech-language therapy is an effective treatment for reading and writing disabilities, including dyslexia. Language plays a crucial role in literacy development.

Pragmatics, or social communication, is a term under the "language" umbrella. This includes conversational skills, emotional identification and regulation, problem solving, and nonverbal cues.

Fluency is commonly referred to as stuttering which may target rate of speech, repetitions, or other dysfluencies. Voice includes both vocal and resonance disorders, such as nasality or dysphonia.

Neurodiverse populations benefit from a variety of supports and strategies in areas of speech-language pathology, such as articulation, expressive/receptive language, or social communication.